Climate displacement demands an integrated response

Statement by Marcos Neto, UN Assistant Secretary-General, and Director of UNDP’s Bureau for Policy and Programme Support, for the session on "Harnessing Climate Solutions for People on the Move" at COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan.

November 19, 2024

Good morning Excellencies, Distinguished Guests,

Welcome. Today, we gather to address a crisis that is as urgent as it is complex: climate-induced displacement. Our session revolves around a pressing question: How can we harness climate and sustainable development solutions to protect millions of people displaced by the devastating impacts of climate change?

The statistics are sobering. Climate-related disasters, such as floods, hurricanes, droughts, and rising sea levels, have displaced over 20 million people annually over the past decade. This means millions of families lose their homes, livelihoods, and, often, their hope for stability each year. If we continue on this trajectory, experts project that by 2050, over 200 million to 1.2 billion people worldwide could be affected by climate displacement. 

Behind each statistic lies a human story: a farmer in sub-Saharan Africa watching his land wither under relentless drought, a family in Bangladesh seeing their home swallowed by rising tides, or communities in the Pacific Islands losing their ancestral lands to the ocean. These stories compel us to act and inspire comprehensive solutions that leave no one behind.

The complexity of climate displacement demands an integrated response. UNDP is committed to addressing this crisis by leveraging synergies between climate action and sustainable development. 

First, we must prioritize preventive climate resilience. Investments in green infrastructure, sustainable water management, and climate-smart agriculture not only mitigate displacement risks but also foster economic opportunities and regional stability. By empowering communities with adaptive tools and knowledge, we address root causes and build defenses against climate impacts.

Across our portfolio, UNDP has supported more than 69 countries with adaptation projects, focusing on solutions that build resilience in critical sectors like food security, water resources and early warning systems.  Through partnerships with local communities and governments, we continue to integrate these solutions into long-term national adaptation plans, reinforcing the adaptive capacity of vulnerable populations to withstand climate impacts and safeguard livelihoods.

Second, harnessing renewable energy is crucial. Transitioning to sustainable energy sources like decentralized solar and wind not only reduces emissions but creates economic opportunities, enhancing community resilience. Energy access fosters development, improving livelihoods and education outcomes. For UNDP, the energy transition supports both a greener planet and a more equitable world.

Third, holistic urban and rural planning, and social protection systems are essential. As urban areas grow, climate-displaced populations will gravitate toward cities. We must prepare cities and territories to welcome and integrate these populations with affordable housing, green spaces, and equitable services. Planning for migration proactively turns a potential crisis into an opportunity for sustainable, inclusive urban and rural growth. UNDP is working with many cities and territories to develop strategies that promote social inclusion and environmental resilience, ensuring that all residents—old and new, urban and rural—can thrive.

Despite all efforts, some displacement is inevitable. When climate disasters force people to move, international cooperation and human rights-based approaches become paramount. Those displaced must have legal protections, access to services, and pathways to rebuild with dignity. This requires new frameworks that address the unique plight of climate-displaced individuals. UNDP works with governments and communities to protect rights and support recovery and rebuilding efforts.

While UNDP continues to address displacement challenges on the ground, a significant obstacle remains in scaling these efforts: the adaptation finance gap.  With current international public adaptation finance flows covering only a fraction of what is needed, innovative approaches and increased financing are crucial. UNDP strongly supports the call for all climate finance to meet the Glasgow commitment to double adaptation finance by 2025, ensuring vulnerable communities, especially those impacted by displacement, receive the necessary support. 

Finally, local communities must be at the heart of our solutions. Indigenous knowledge, grassroots initiatives, and the lived experiences of those on the frontlines are crucial. Our role is to amplify their voices, support their work, and include them in participatory processes leading to inclusive decision-making.

While the challenge of climate-induced displacement is daunting, it offers a chance to reimagine a future where climate action and development go hand in hand. By breaking silos, embracing innovation, and acting with urgency and compassion, we can protect both people and the planet. UNDP, with our humanitarian and peace partners, are committed to supporting countries and communities in this endeavor. 

The time to act is now. Together, we can ensure no one is left behind and that displaced persons and their host communities can rebuild and thrive.

Thank you.