Unlike countries where informal waste workers are a common phenomenon, Samoa has developed a small yet formalized workforce in waste collection, treatment and recycling. The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Samoa contracts a private company to handle waste collection. For the recycling, two civil society organisations (CSOs) lead the way: the Samoa Recycling and Waste Management Association (SRWMA) and the Samoa and Tokelau Association of Recyclers (S.T.A.R.).