Parliaments play a central role in enacting legislation that recognizes indigenous peoples’ rights and adopting budgetary measures to implement those rights, both of which are critical enablers to drive the implementation of the UN Declaration at the national level. This handbook aims to be a practical instrument to enable parliamentarians around the world to understand indigenous peoples’ rights better and to provide practical ideas for the implementation of the UN Declaration. It also presents good practices in relation to the recognition and exercise of indigenous peoples’ rights in different regions of the world. This handbook is the result of cooperation between the SPFII, OHCHR, IFAD, UNDP and IPU.