Our new report on Afghanistan’s economy demonstrates that without continuity for girls’ education and women’s ability to work, prospects for the country’s recovery will remain grim. The "Afghanistan Socio-Economic Outlook 2023” details how the country's economic output collapsed by 20.7% in 2021. This unparalleled shock has kept Afghanistan among the poorest countries in the world. Despite tentative signs of recovery, such as a relatively stable exchange rate, an increase in exports, growing demand for labor, and muted inflation, GDP is estimated to have further declined by 3.6% in 2022. Restrictions on women further threaten aid flows and growth and could have disastrous economic consequences.