The 8th National Communication and the 5th Biennial Report of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change was prepared by a group of national experts under a joint project of the Ministry of Ecology, Geology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the United Nations Development Programme in Kazakhstan with the financial support of the Global Environment Facility. The publication contains all available information on climate change issues in accordance with internationally available guidance. Information from open sources, data from national and international organizations, including governmental departments and agencies were used for composing this report. The publication contains 9 sections: National conditions, Data on greenhouse gas emissions, Policies and measures of Kazakhstan regulating GHG emissions, Projections and general impacts of policies and measures on GHG emissions, Assessment of climate change impacts and measures on adaptation to climate change, Data on financial resources and technology transfer and Issues of climate change education and training. In addition, the report is enriched with gender-specific statistical information relevant to climate change.